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History of Amarna Period of Egypt
Amarna style, revolutionary style of Egyptian art created by Amenhotep IV, who took the name Akhenaton during his reign (135336 bce) in the 18th dynasty. Akhenaton’s alteration of the artistic and religious life of ancient Egypt was drastic, if short-lived.
Why is it called the Amarna Period?
The Amarna Era includes the reigns of Akhenaten, Smenkhkare, Tutankhamun and Ay. The period is named after the capital city established by Akhenaten, son of Amenhotep III.
How long was the Amarna Period?
This latter claim is the one most commonly favored by mainstream scholarship, and the era is, therefore, most often designated as between c. 1348-1320 BCE.
Why is Amarna important?
It is the only ancient Egyptian city which preserves great details of its internal plan, in large part because the city was abandoned after the death of Akhenaten, when Akhenaten’s son, King Tutankhamun, decided to leave the city and return to his birthplace in Thebes (modern Luxor).
How did Egyptian art change during the Amarna Period?
During the Amarna Period, this briefly changed. Certain features, such as the neck, arms, and hands, were elongated. Depictions of people became almost caricatures, as the conventional Egyptian style was briefly abandoned in favor of this unusual new art style.
Who destroyed Amarna?
Pharaoh Akhenaten, now disparaged as a heretic, made some bold decisions that completely uprooted thousands of years of Ancient Egyptian tradition, including the move to the worship of a single god. This brief era, lasting less than two decades, is known as the Amarna Period and took place in the 1300s BCE.
What happened in the Old Kingdom of Egypt?
The Old Kingdom of Egypt (c. 2613-2181 BCE) is also known as the ‘Age of the Pyramids’ or ‘Age of the Pyramid Builders’ as it includes the great 4th Dynasty when King Sneferu perfected the art of pyramid building and the pyramids of Giza were constructed under the kings Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure.
What was a priority of Queen Hatshepsut’s reign?
There is no doubt Egypt prospered during Hatshepsut’s reign, because unlike other rulers in that dynasty, her priority was securing economic advancement and the building and restoring of monuments, rather than conquering new lands.
What is New Kingdom in ancient Egypt?
The “New Kingdom” is a period of time during the history of Ancient Egypt. It lasted from around 1520 BC to 1075 BC. The New Kingdom was the golden age of the civilization of Ancient Egypt. It was a time of wealth, prosperity, and power.
How was Amarna discovered?
The Amarna Letters are cuneiform tablets discovered at Akhetaten in 1887 CE by a local woman who was digging for fertilizer. They are the correspondence found between the kings of Egypt and those of foreign nations as well as official documents from the period.
Where was Amarna ancient Egypt?
Amarna (Tell el-Amarna) can be found on the east bank of the river Nile about half way between Egypt’s capital city of Cairo in the north and Luxor in the south.
What happened to Amarna Egypt?
On an uninhabited stretch of the Nile’s east bank, Amarna was founded, constructed and abandoned in under fifteen years. When Akhenaten died in 1332 BC, Egypt’s ancient religion was restored under his successor Tutankhamun and the heretical city of Amarna was flattened and forgotten.
What was significance of the Amarna period in Egyptian history quizlet?
Period that occurred during the reign of the Pharaoh Akhenaten, and constitutes the period of the greatest departure from the typical Egyptian style of art. Style of Egyptian art used for royalty and divinities. The human depiction is very rigid and still, symmetrical, and idealized.
What was the Amarna period best known for in art?
One of the most touching and fascinating aspects of art during the Amarna Period is how Akhenaten and his family presented themselves. In traditional Egyptian artwork, the figures are usually quite stiff and composed, often depicted participating in solemn religious ceremonies or political events.
What text was written during the Amarna?
The Amarna Letters are a group of several hundred clay tablets inscribed with cuneiform (wedge-shaped) writing that date to the fourteenth century B.C. and were found at the site of Tell el-Amarna, the short-lived capital of ancient Egypt during the reign of Amenhotep IV / Akhenaten (ca.
What happened during the Amarna period?
The period saw many innovations in the name and service of religion. Egyptians of the time viewed religion and science as one and the same. Previously, the presence of many gods explained the natural phenomena, but during the Amarna period there was a rise in monotheism.
Why was Atenism created?
Amenhotep IV initially introduced Atenism in the fifth year of his reign (1348/1346 BC), raising Aten to the status of supreme god, initially permitting continued worship of the traditional gods. Later Akhenaten forbade the worship of other gods, a radical departure from the centuries of Egyptian religious practice.
How does an Amarna period figure differ specifically from a more traditional period of Egyptian art?
Most students of ancient Egyptian are aware that the Artwork composed during the Amarna Period under Akhenaten differs markedly from that of other periods in Egyptian history, One of the most visible changes in the art of this period was the manner in which human figures were depicted, specifically their proportions …
What was the capital of Egypt before Amarna?
What is the history of Memphis? The significance of this city began after King Menes or Narmer united upper and lower Egypt, began the 1st dynasty, and took Memphis city to be the first capital for united ancient Egypt. Memphis had remained the capital of ancient Egypt from the 1st dynasty to the 8th dynasty.
Which pharaoh followed Akhenaten?
Akhenaten
| Akhenaten Amenhotep IV | |
|---|---|
| Reign | 13531336 BC 13511334 BC (18th Dynasty of Egypt) |
| Predecessor | Amenhotep III |
| Successor | Smenkhkare |
| show Royal titulary | |
Who started the Amarna revolution?
Amarna style, revolutionary style of Egyptian art created by Amenhotep IV, who took the name Akhenaton during his reign (135336 bce) in the 18th dynasty.
How did the Old Kingdom rise?
Rise of the Old Kingdom
The period before the Old Kingdom is called the Early Dynastic Period. Even though Egypt had become one country under the First Dynasty, it was under the rule of Pharaoh Djoser, founder of the Third Dynasty, that the central government became organized and strong.
Why did the Old Kingdom period in ancient Egypt come to an end?
There were several factors that contributed to the decline of the Old Kingdom, but the most important issue was the erosion of the authority of the Pharaoh and the accompanying growing power of the nobility and priesthood. This led to the decentralization of power in Egypt and constant power struggles and civil war.
What are the 3 main periods of Egyptian history?
The history of ancient Egypt is divided into three main periods: the Old Kingdom (about 2,700-2,200 B.C.E.), the Middle Kingdom (2,050-1,800 B.C.E.), and the New Kingdom (about 1,550-1,100 B.C.E.). The New Kingdom was followed by a period called the Late New Kingdom, which lasted to about 343 B.C.E.
Which period was the time of Egypt’s greatest power and wealth?
New Kingdom: The period in ancient Egyptian history between the 16th century BCE and the 11th century BCE that covers the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties of Egypt. Considered to be the peak of Egyptian power.
When did Hatshepsut become pharaoh?
Upon his death, she began acting as regent for her stepson, the infant Thutmose III, but later took on the full powers of a pharaoh, becoming co-ruler of Egypt around 1473 B.C. As pharaoh, Hatshepsut extended Egyptian trade and oversaw ambitious building projects, most notably the Temple of Deir el-Bahri, located in …
What was found in Hatshepsut’s tomb?
Inside this tomb, Carter found mummified geese and other meat offerings and the bodies of two elderly women, one in a coffin labeled with the name and title of great royal nurse, named Sitre In, and the other lying unconfined on the floor.
How did Egypt rise to power?
The success of ancient Egyptian civilization came partly from its ability to adapt to the conditions of the Nile River valley for agriculture. The predictable flooding and controlled irrigation of the fertile valley produced surplus crops, which supported a more dense population, and social development and culture.
When was ancient Egypt most powerful?
Around 1550 BCE, the New Kingdom period of Egyptian history began with the expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt and the restoration of centralized political control. This period was Egypt’s most prosperous time and marked the peak of its power.
When was the Old Kingdom of Egypt?
The Old Kingdom (ca. 26492130 B.C.) was an incredibly dynamic period of Egyptian history. While the origin of many concepts, practices, and monuments can be traced to earlier periods, it was during the Old Kingdom that they developed into the forms that would characterize and influence the rest of pharaonic history.
During which Egyptian era did Akhenaten reign?
Akhenaten came to power as the pharaoh of Egypt in either the year 1353 or 1351 BCE and reigned for roughly 17 years during the 18th dynasty of Egypt’s New Kingdom. Akhenaten became best known to modern scholars for the new religion he created that centered on the Aten.
When was Amarna destroyed?
Tell el-Amarna (often abbreviated to Amarna) is a modern name that applies to an extensive archaeological site that is primarily the remains of an ephemeral capital city built and abandoned within about fifteen years during the late Eighteenth Dynasty (in the New Kingdom), between about 1347 and 1332 BCE.
Was Amarna destroyed?
Amarna, Akhenaten’s capital, was razed to the ground, the royal tombs were destroyed and most of the calcareous bricks were used to make lime. At Karnak, the sandstone blocks survived but were reused in later constructions, notably in the foundations of pylons.
Did children build the ancient Egyptian city of Amarna?
Tell El-Amarna, an ancient Egyptian city built by the Pharaoh Akhenaten and his queen Nefertiti, may have been built by young adults and children. Over 90% of the skeletons exhumed from the Amarna Project, on which freelance archaeologist Mary Shepperson worked, were between the age of seven and 25.
What does the name Amarna mean?
: of or belonging to the period of time about 13751360 b.c. that is described on the ancient Egyptian Tell el ?Amarna tablets discovered 1887 and written in cuneiform characters containing the correspondence of Amenhotep IV and his father with other states and vassals.
Where did Osiris go?
Osiris’ body traveled out to sea and eventually his coffin became lodged in a great tamarisk tree growing near Byblos in Phoenicia.
