What did the Spanish do to Peru?
The conquest and colony brought a mix of cultures and ethnicities that did not exist before the Spanish conquered the Peruvian territory. Even though many of the Inca traditions were lost or diluted, new customs, traditions and knowledge were added, creating a rich mixed Peruvian culture.
How did Spain Impact Peru?
The Spanish Conquest in Peru, starting in 1532 A.D., resulted in extreme depopulation of the Chira coast within a century of the conquest (4, p. 125), which drastically changed the local economy, devastating traditional coastal shellfish harvesting.
Did the Spanish gain control of Peru peacefully?
In November 1532 the Spanish forces arrived, led by Francisco Pizarro at the moment of greatest instability. When they arrived, 168 men, at the important city where Atahualpa was living, Atahualpa initially received the Spanish peacefully. It took twenty more years for the Spanish to gain control of Peru.
Why was Peru so important to the Spanish?
Its territory included all of South America except Venezuela and Portuguese Brazil. Although ranching, agriculture, and commerce were carried on, the mining of precious metals, particularly silver, was the basic industry, making the colony the most important in the Spanish empire.
What effects did the Spanish conquest have?
When the Spanish conquered the Americas, they brought in their own religion. Hundreds of Native Americans converted to Christianity. Churches, monasteries, shrines and parishes were built. This was one of the Spanish’s main goals in colonization, as well as giving Spain more power.
What impact did the Spanish have on the Inca?
As an effect of this conquest, many aspects of Inca culture were systematically destroyed or irrevocably changed. In addition to disease and population decline, a large portion of the Inca population—including artisans and crafts people—was enslaved and forced to work in the gold and silver mines.
Who freed Peru from Spain?
José de San Martín
José de San Martín and his forces liberated Peru and proclaimed its independence from Spain on 28 July 1821.
How did the Spanish conquer Mexico and Peru?
Between 1519 and 1521 Hernán Cortés and a small band of men brought down the Aztec empire in Mexico, and between 1532 and 1533 Francisco Pizarro and his followers toppled the Inca empire in Peru. The conquest of Mexico began with an expedition to search for gold on the American mainland.
How did Peru gain independence from Spain?
José de San Martín and his forces liberated Peru and proclaimed its independence from Spain on 28 July 1821. After securing Chilean independence, with a fleet commanded by the adventurous Lord Cochrane, he invaded Peru and declared independence in Lima in 1821, with himself as dictator. …
How did the Spanish bring their culture to Peru?
The integration of Spanish culture into Peru was carried out not only by Pizarro and his other captains, but also by the many Spanish who also came to Peru to exploit its riches and inhabit its land. These included many different kinds of immigrants such as Spanish merchants, peasants, artisans, and Spanish women.
How did the Incas affect Spanish rule in Peru?
Hence, the rapid collapse of the Inca kingdom did not ensure the immediate stability of Spanish rule in Peru. Although consolidation of Spanish rule continued apace, Peru remained wracked by tensions and conflicts between Spaniards and the indigenous population for most of the sixteenth century.
What did the Spanish do to the Indians?
So, the encomenderos chased away the Indians from their fertile lands and made them work on poorer lands that could barely ensure their survival. In order to keep the system working and the population under control, the Spanish colonists collaborated with the local elite, known as caciques or curacas.
Where did Pizarro move the capital of Peru?
But in order to further establish Spanish hegemony, Pizarro moved the capital in 1535 to the newly established Spanish city of Lima on the Pacific coast, where there had been no prior Inca city.
